Ryan,
to be honest, i really don't think what you're after can just be 'taught' to you. I mean, think about it...the industry changes so frequently, you would NEVER graduate!
It takes years of experiencing everything first-hand, trial-and-error, successes, failures, et al. to get a solid grasp of what works and what doesn't.
SEO is an especially tricky one given the dynamic nature of the industry. As far as that is concerned, I'd either focus ALL my efforts on becoming an expert in that field and that alone, or just work on building the best websites that you can.
I know this doesn't really answer your question...but I'm thinkin' it's about as close as you'll get.
Best of luck.